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Strait Journal of Preventive Medicine
 
2023 Vol.29 Issue.5
Published 2023-10-15

1 Characteristics of group sandplay therapy among transnational leftbehind children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in Fujian Province
Objective  To investigate the characteristics of group sandplay therapy among transnational leftbehind children (LBC) with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in Fujian Province, with the aim to provide reference for further application of group sandplay therapy. Methods  Between December 2017 and July 2019, a total of 42 transnational LBC with ADHD who met the inclusion criteria were recruited as the transnational LBC group.Meanwhile, 42 outpatient children with ADHD were randomly recruited in the same period as the control group.Each group of sandplay therapy was assigned with 4 children, including 2 children from the transnational LBC group and 2 children from the control group.The characteristics of initial sandplay constructions were analyzed.Results  ①Regarding the sandplay tools,the transnational LBC group used fewer plants, minerals and small animals and more vehicles, bridges and fences than the control group. ②In terms of the themes, the transnational LBC group was more likely to exhibit sandplay artwork themes of emptiness, CRD model and same arrangement and less likely to make boundaries and selfimage projection than the control group. ③Regards to the use of space and sand, the transnational LBC group showed more full space use,large moving sand, stereotypic moving sand, and shaping the ocean than the control group. Conclusion  The transnational LBC with ADHD in Fujian Province were observed with weak selfconsciousness, poor sense of interpersonal boundaries and emotional poverty. They also
presented a strong tendency to be defensive and withdrawn while having high pro-social intentions. The economic
and cultural environment of the place of residence may provide a positive protective effect on the emotional
socialization of children.

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2023 Vol. 29 (5): 1-4 [Abstract] ( 16 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 0KB] ( 33 )
5 Dietary exposure assessment of common mycotoxins in Fujian specialty noodles of xianmian and mianxian
Objective  To assess the content of mycrotoxins in Fujian specialty noodles of xianmian or mianxian and to measure dietary exposure of mycrotoxins in Fujian population. The find of this study shall provide a basis for the development of local standardized mycotoxin limits. Methods  Xianmian or mianxian that produced in 2019 were purchased in the same year.Sixteen common mycrotoxins including deoxynivalenol (DON) were measured using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry with stable isotope-labeled internal standards dillusion.Dietary exposure of DON was measured based on the average daily consumption level of wheat flour and its products in Fujian Province. Results  DON was the most important contributor of mycotoxins contamination in mianxian and xianmian.DON was detected in all 50 noodles samples, with contents ranging from 21.0 to 1 708 μg/kg.The detection rate of nivalenol (NIV) was 10.0% (5/50), with contents ranging from 68.7 to 240 μg/kg.The detection rate of zearalenone (ZEN) was 2.0% (1/50), ant its content was 5.06 μg/kg.None of other mycotoxins were detected.According to GB 2761-2017 standard,the over standard rate of DON was 10.0%(5/50).Under the average consumption level of Fujian residents, 5.0% of adults and 10% of children consumed DON above the tolerable daily intake (TDI).The risk of exceeding TDI increased with increasing food consumption.At the toxin contamination level of P95, the exposure of adults and children, assessed by the average intake in Fujian Province, amounted to 1.3 and 2.3 times of TDI, respectively. Conclusion  For those who consume high levels of mianxian and xianmian in Fujian Province, especially children, longterm intake poses a high health risk. Special dietary limits for DON and its derivatives need to be established.
2023 Vol. 29 (5): 5-7 [Abstract] ( 16 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 0KB] ( 32 )
8 Intervention effect of cerium oxide nanoparticles on cadmiuminduced hepatorenal toxicity in mice
Objective  To explore the intervention effect of cerium oxide nanoparticles(CeO2) on cadmium-induced hepatorenal toxicity. Methods   Sixty clean-grade ICR mice were randomly divided into six groups (10 mice/group): normal group (blank control), CeO2.5 mg/kg group, cadmium chloride (CdCl2) 2 mg/kg group, and three intervention groups at low, medium, and high doses of CeO2 (0.1 mg/kg CeO2+2 mg/kg CdCl2, 0.5 mg/kg CeO2+2 mg/kg CdCl2, 2.5 mg/kg CeO2+2 mg/kg CdCl2). The poisonings were carried out for all non-normal groups by intraperitoneal injection of CdCl2 or gavage of CeO2  for 7 days. The normal group was injected with an equal amount of saline through intraperitoneal injection and gavage. Body weight was measured and coefficients of liver and kidney organs were calculated. Serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), creatinine (Cr) and urea nitrogen (BUN) were measured. Liver and kidney malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were also detected. Results  Mice in the CeO2 group gained more weight than those in the CdCl2 group. Weight gain of mice in the CdCl2 group and all intervention group was lower than that in the normal group. Liver organ coefficients were higher in the CdCl2 group and in all intervention groups than in the normal group. Liver organ coefficient was lower in the CeO2 group than in the CdCl2 group. Serum levels of ALT and Cr values were elevated in the CdCl2 group compared to the normal group. Compared with the CdCl2 group, ALT values decreased in the low and medium dose intervention groups of CeO2, and Cr values decreased in all three intervention groups. The SOD activity of renal tissues was reduced in the CdCl2 group compared to the normal group.MDA content of renal tissues was reduced and SOD activity was increased in all intervention groups compared to the CdCl2 group. Conclusion  CeO2 could attenuate the acute damaging effect of cadmium on liver and kidney in mice.The mechanism may be related to its reduction of cadmium-induced oxidative stress.
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